Climate and wine grape varietals
03/10/2021
Climate is one of the most important factors when it comes to producing top quality wine. Climate is a series of long term averages in which a profile is developed for a particular place based on what is "normal" or average for the area. A microclimate is considered more specific variation that may set you apart from other nearby parcels. On the other end we have macroclimates, which are much more broad for sake of classification. There are three major types of macroclimates that we really focus on within the wine world. These include Maritime, Continental, and Mediterranean climates.The climate zone that you reside in (both macro and micro considered) will roughly tell you which varietals may thrive better than others.
Maritime climate is considered coastal area close to large cool bodies of water (buffered by the sea). The summers are long and warm, while winters are fairly short and cool. There is more rainfall typically in maritime climates than in other macroclimates. Typically better suited for whites and more delicate reds (usually due to sandy loam soils)
Continental climate zones include large land masses. Typically continental climate zones experience more intense conditions with regards to weather. Without the moderating influence of the oceans, you end up with seasons of short hot summers, and long cold winters. Best suited for big bold reds, heavier on tannins and color.
Mediterranean climates would make you believe that they are surrounding the Mediterranean sea, but this is not the case. Mediterranean climate is classified as long warm/dry summers with short cool winters. This is a more versatile climate, and can be suited for bold reds or whites depending on microclimate.
It is entirely possible to have a unique climate caused by specific topographical features. This is essentially a combination of macroclimates, called a mesoclimate. An example of a mesoclimate would be if there was a specific smaller area located close to a Mediterranean climate, but was up high on a plateau. This specific climate may more mimic continental traits instead of Mediterranean traits.
In conclusion, there is an incredible amount of variation from one climate to the next based off of specifics (micro climate). It is important to understand that some research is needed to determine the best varietal to plant. This is why certain areas are more developed within the wine industry than others. Not everyone can grow the quality of grapes that you find throughout Washington or California. So, we feel blessed!
Post By:
Branden Seymour